THE HOUSE OF LORDS House of Lords is older than House of Commons. There are many traditions, so not many things can be changed. 1957 - Life Peerage Act - at the very beginning everybody with the title of lord could participate in HoL debates. Act established “life lords” - their title is only for ...
RELIGION ESTABLISHED CHURCHES (official, recognised): Church of England (Anglican) - London Parliament, bishops, archbishops of House of Lords. Changes in this church should go through Parliament. Church of Scotland (Presbyterian) - no hierarchy. THE CHURCH OF ENGLAND Westminster Abbey - main c...
THE POLICE Largest numer of crimes commited in UK are criminal crimes. VICTIMS Victim Support Scheme (psychological, police telling how to prevent crime in future) Compensation - in the past were only fines (money paid to the state, not to victi...
MONARCHY - The UK is the most ancient (starodawny, starożytny) secular institution in the world. WILLIAM THE CONQUEROR - 1ST English monarch MONARCHY WAS BROKEN ONCE (THERE WAS A REPUBLIC). The continuity was broken 1649-1660 (11 years). There was a struggle between Parliament and monarch, monarc...
CHURCH OF SCOTLAND (second established church in UK) Separate from Anglican Church No hierarchy From the very beginning men and women could be priests Presbyterian form of Protestantism Followed Martin Luter More protestant than Anglican Church Its own organization: ALL people are equal (they...
CONSTITUTIONAL MONARCHY Country is governed by monarch Monarch receives authority from parliament (monarch reigns, but not rule) PARLIAMENT - Middle Ages. There was always a conflict between parliament and monarch, and parliament won the struggle. There's NO CONSTITUTION in Britain. Instead of i...
THE PARTY SYSTEM (18th century) Conservatives (Tories) Liberals (Whighs) After World War I: Labour Party (it existed earlier, but after World War I it became second largest party) MAIN PARTIES Conservative Party - right Labour Party - left Liberal Party - party of the centre (relabively smal...
HER MAJESTY'S GOVERNMENT - body of ministers responsible for national affair The Prime Minister - leader of the party that won election Departmental Ministers (responsible for departments). They can have different titles. Secretary of State Minister of (
HOUSE OF COMMONS The Speaker - marszałek VOTING SYSTEM - FIRST PAST POST Electoral (wyborczy) system in constituency (okręg wyborczy). One MP is chosen in every constituency (no matter if second had only fewer votes, only FIRST will become MP). Each MP represents one area - constituency. House of...
LABOUR PARTY ORIGIN: Industrial revolution, problems of poverty. Trade Unions and intellectuals. Founded in 1900. Aims: To protect rights of working class Provide voice in Parliament for Trade Unions CHARACTERISTICS (stereotypes): It is NO...
