Nested class declarations class declar ation may be nested inside other class declaration nested class is not visible in the global scope ...
Object - a generalized structure Declaration: class person me, You; person boss; // while declaring/defining object // ”class”, ”struct” or ”union” may be skipped Usage: boss.input(); boss.output(); ...
Order of eval uation order of evaluation is undefined, except for: , || && ” , ”, ” || ”, ” && ” evaluated in the left to right order right arguments of operators ” || ”, ” && ” are evaluate d only if necessary ...
Structures Structures in C++ are classes too struct A { contents... } is equivalent to class A { public: contents... } ...
Accessibility of base class members class derived : public base; class derived : protected base; class derived : private base; class derived : base; // default: private ...
Assignment operator Defined as a nonstatic class member T& T::operator=(const T &) No initialization list, it's not a constructor !!! ...
Other extensions Templates - to use instead of macros (and not only) Exceptions - to handle errors Namespaces - to limit the scope of names ...
Programming paradigm A programming paradigm - a fundamental style of computer programming Programming paradigms - structural programming - procedural programming - object oriented programming - logic programming ...
Overloadable operators () [] - + - ++ -- ! ~ * & new delete (typ) // unary -* * / % + - = == != & ^ | && || = += -= *= /= %= &= ^= |= = // assignment ...
