Fragment notatki:
Tadeusz Hofman
TABLICE TERMODYNAMICZNE
dla studentów
Politechnika Warszawska, Wydział Chemiczny, Warszawa 2010, wer. 4
1
T. Hofman, © Tablice termodynamiczne, 2010
1. Standardowe funkcje termodynamiczne pierwiastków i związków chemicznych.
Pierwiastki i związki nieorganiczne [1,2,18]
(1)
M/
g⋅mol-1
Ag
AgBr
AgCl
AgI
AgNO3
Ag2CO3
Ag2O
Ag2S
Ag2SO4
Ag3PO4
Al
AlBr3
AlCl3
All3
AlN
Al2O3
Al2S3
As
AsCl3
107.87
187.77
143.32
234.77
169.87
275.75
231.74
247.80
311.80
418.58
26.98
266.69
133.34
407.69
40.99
101.96
150.16
74.92
181.29
AsH3
As2
As2O5
As2S3
Au
AuCl
AuCl3
B
BCl3
77.94
149.84
229.84
246.02
196.97
232.42
303.34
10.81
117.18
BH3
BN
B2H6
B2O3
B3N3H6
B4C
Ba
BaBr2
BaCl2
BaO
Be
BeCO3
BeCl2
BeH2
BeO
Bi
Bi2O3
BrCl
BrF
Br2
13.84
24.82
27.67
69.62
80.50
55.26
137.33
297.14
208.23
153.33
9.012
69.02
79.919
11.028
25.012
208.98
465.96
115.36
99.91
159.81
faza
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s(α)
s
s(sz)
c
g
g
g
s
s
s
s
s
s
c
g
g
s
g
s
g
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s(β)
g
s
s
s
g
g
c
g
∆Hf°/
kJ⋅mol-1
0
-100.67
-127.0
-61.94
-124.52
-506.11
-31.13
-32.79
-717.22
-990.35
0
-511.28
-705.63
-302.92
-317.98
-1675.7
-651.03
0
-315.47
-269.47
73.91
222.2
-924.9
-169.0
0
-36.40
-118.47
0
-427.2
-403.8
106.69
-250.91
41.00
-1271.9
-510.03
-62.68
0
-757.72
-858.56
-548.10
0
-1025.0
-496.22
125.52
-608.35
0
-577.81
14.6
-93.8
0
30.91
T = 298 K
∆Gf°/
kJ⋅mol-1
0
-97.23
-108.8
-66.36
-33.60
-437.23
-11.254
-40.835
-619.65
-894.75
0
0
-268.43
-258.05
66.40
171.9
-782.3
-168.6
0
1.255
-53.56
-387.4
-388.7
-226.75
-1193.8
-449.51
0
-497.34
-1.0
-109.2
0
3.133
S°/
J⋅K-1⋅
mol-1
42.55
107.11
96.25
115.48
140.92
167.36
121.34
144.01
199.83
258.16
28.30
180.03
109.3
195.95
20.14
50.92
116.84
35.61
212.55
326.23
222.97
239.4
105.4
163.6
47.41
85.922
164.36
5.90
206.3
290.1
187.88
14.77
233.17
53.97
288.70
26.77
62.48
148.53
123.70
72.05
9.44
52.0
75.81
173.12
13.77
56.90
151.46
240.1
229.0
152.21
245.37
a
cp / J⋅K-1mol-1
cpo = a + bT + cT2
b⋅103
c⋅106
21.30
100.47
64.92
44.50
7.76
55.64
84.72
24.69
133.47
75.48
38.58
35.0
116.5
116.3
25.40
37.36
8.52
-137.69
87.94
238.48
90.00
83.73
75.88
-189.58
-50.57
-20.59
-25.93
2.60
106.7
62.7
25.30
19.71
3.11
62.76
4.08
27.9
36.99
70.57
74.81
42.52
9.76
65.0
37.68
17.27
-4.70
26.02
113.80
35.0
33.0
75.69
36.05
31.73
-9.53
38.53
-6.01
205.75
-71.56
351.51
-135.61
-92.34
21.62
-5.21
16.61
24.06
209.74
101.78
48.60
123.61
-63.01
-15.34
-74.27
463.43
21.75
-6.26
lit
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
25.36
52.3
50.79
56.99
93.05
112.47
65.86
76.53
131.38
T/K
2
2
1,2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
18
18
18
2
2
2
1
18
18
1
1,2
1
1,2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
18
1,2
1
1
2
2
18
18
2
2
298 - 933
298 – 371
298 - 466
298 – 464
298 - 900
298 - 2327
- 1500
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298 - 1800
298
298
298 - 1300
298
181 - 1200
298
298 – 1200
298 - 2743
298 - 583
298 - 1130
298 - 1198
298 - 2286
298 - 1527
298
298 - 688
298 - 1200
298 - 800
298
298
298
298
298
298
2
T. Hofman, © Tablice termodynamiczne, 2010
(2)
M/
g⋅mol-1
faza
C
12.01
CO
COCl2
COF2
COS
CO2
CS2
28.01
98.92
66.01
60.07
44.01
76.13
dia
gra
g
g
g
g
g
g
c
s
kalcyt
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
g
g
g
g
g
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
c
s
s
s
s
s
Ca
CaCO3
CaCO3·H2O
CaCO3·6H2O
CaC2
CaCl2
CaF2
CaO
Ca(OH)2
CaS
CaSO4
CaSO4⋅0,5H2O
CaSO4⋅2H2O
Cd
CdCO3
CdCl2
CdCl2·2,5H2O
CdO
CdSO4
CdSO4⋅H2O
ClO2
Cl2
Cl2O
Cl2OS
Cl2O2S
Co
CoO
Co(OH)2
CoSO4
CoSO4·6H2O
CoSO4·7H2O
Cr
CrCl2
CrCl2·2H2O
CrCl2·3H2O
CrCl2·4H2O
CrCl3
CrO3
Cr2O3
Cs
40.078
100.09
118.11
208.21
72.08
110.99
78.08
56.08
74.09
72.14
136.14
145.15
172.17
112.40
172.41
183.31
228.36
128.40
208.46
226.48
67.45
70.91
86.91
118.97
134.97
58.93
74.93
92.95
155.00
263.12
281.14
52.00
122.91
158.95
176.97
194.99
158.36
100.00
151.99
132.91
CsCl
CsF
CsF·H2O
CsOH
Cs2SO4
168.36
151.90
169.92
149.91
361.88
∆Hf°/
kJ⋅mol-1
1.828
0
-110.5
-220.8
-638.90
-138.41
-393.52
116.94
89.41
0
-1206.8
-1497.2
-2963.5
-59.8
-795.80
-1225.9
-634.92
-986.09
-473.21
-1436.3
-1578.9
-2024.8
0
-754.61
-390.79
-1130.7
-258.35
-934.41
-1240.4
104.60
0
87.86
-212.5
0
-237.74
-539.7
-888.26
-2685.2
-2981.6
0
-395.39
-1003.5
-1307.7
-1607.9
-570.28
-590.36
-1134.7
0
2.09
-442.83
-554.67
-864.83
-416.73
-1442.6
T = 298 K
∆Gf°/
kJ⋅mol-1
2.832
0
0
-1128.4
-1361.1
-2540.5
-64.9
-1323.9
-1438.9
-1799.5
0
-674.46
-343.24
-933.70
-823.89
-1069.6
0
-198.3
-364.0
0
-454.3
-2237.2
-2475.5
0
-356.34
-848.93
-1095.4
-1337.8
-500.68
-513.45
-1059.0
0
-779.69
-1325.0
S°/
J⋅K-1⋅
mol-1
2.368
5.740
197.66
283.8
258.88
231.57
218.79
237.98
151.0
41.59
91.71
131.42
334.36
70.0
104.62
68.63
38.1
83.36
56.54
106.69
130.54
194.14
51.76
96.23
115.27
196.65
54.8
123.05
154.05
257.22
223.08
267.89
309.8
-320.0
30.07
52.85
79.0
117.36
367.61
406.06
23.62
115.65
194.14
233.47
272.80
124.68
73.22
80.65
85.23
92.07
101.18
88.28
133.89
98.74
211.92
a
6.117
8.535
27.51
30.55
21.63
28.99
24.10
32.62
78.99
22.65
83.47
62.7
69.04
60.37
37.79
59.00
44.72
99.66
119.41
185.14
26.02
cp / J⋅K-1mol-1
cpo = a + bT + cT2
b⋅103
c⋅106
5.51
114.30
100.00
47.63
49.25
50.99
-78.00
-47.20
-19.13
-18.65
-24.33
8.82
7.33
11.33
26.87
15.07
110.96
9.16
5.58
-51.97
74.64
40.39
99.62
134.56
28.04
29.96
45.79
66.5
311.9
18.90
56.76
45.75
353.38
390.49
16.13
71.17
298
298
298 - 1300
298 - 600
298 - 1000
298 - 1200
298 - 1200
298 - 1000
298 - 1100
298
298
298 - 1045
298 - 1424
298 - 3200
298 - 1000
298 - 3000
298
298
298
298
298
8.71
54.85
15.87
5.95
-27.04
-8.39
77.0
21.65
-8.24
-6.14
7.69
227.63
-116.60
29.62
-17.18
91.80
92.68
32.17
34.99
45.79
46.57
83.68
43.88
101.84
T/K
298
298
298 - 1000
298 - 1000
298 - 6000
298
298
298 - 700
298 - 1600
298
298 - 964
298
298
298 - 600
298
298
36.58
5
-10.64
22.39
18.25
-6.54
92.71
95.81
-41.07
53.13
6.75
298 - 2600
298
302 – 948
298 - 743
298 - 976
298
298 - 410
298 - 800
lit
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
18
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
2
2
1
1
1
18
18
1
1
18
1
2
2
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
1,2
1,2
1
1
1
2
1
1,2
3
T. Hofman, © Tablice termodynamiczne, 2010
(3)
Cu
CuCl
CuCl2
CuCl2·2H2O
CuF2
CuO
Cu(OH)2
CuS
CuSO4
CuSO4⋅H2O
CuSO4⋅3H2O
CuSO4⋅5H2O
CuCO3·Cu(OH)2
Cu2O
FO
FO2
F2
F2O
F2O2
Fe
FeCO3
FeCl2
FeCl2·2H2O
FeCl2·4H2O
FeCl3
FeCl3·6H2O
FeF2
FeO
FeS
FeS2
FeSO4
FeSO4·7H2O
Fe2O3
Fe2(SO4)3
Fe3O4
Ga
M/
g⋅mol-1
63.54
98.99
134.45
170.49
101.54
79.54
97.56
95.60
159.60
177.62
213.66
249.70
221.11
143.08
36.00
52.00
40.00
54.00
72.00
55.85
115.86
126.76
162.80
198.84
162.20
270.32
93.84
71.85
87.91
119.98
151.91
278.05
159.69
399.88
231.53
69.72
Ga(OH)3
Ga2O3
Ge
GeCl4
GeH4
GeO2
HBr
HCN
103.74
187.44
72.61
214.42
76.64
104.61
80.91
27.03
HCl
HClO
HClO4
HF
HI
HNO3
35.46
52.46
98.46
20.01
127.91
63.01
H2
H2 O
2.016
18.02
H2O2
34.02
faza
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
g
g
g
g
g
s
s
s
s
c
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
c
s
s
s
g
g
s
g
g
c
g
g
c
g
g
g
c
g
g
c
c
g
T = 298 K
S°/
∆Hf°/
∆Gf°/
-1
-1
kJ⋅mol-1 kJ⋅mol-1 J⋅K ⋅ mol
0
0
33.15
-138.07
87.04
-215.56 -171.42
108.07
-818.56 -660.07
190.63
-538.90
43.64
-156.06
42.59
-444.34 -359.36
83.68
-53.14
-53.57
66.53
-771.4 -661.80
109.2
-1085.1 -918.64
149.80
-1685.5 -1400.2
217.48
-2279.4 -1879.9
300.41
-1051.0 -900.90
211.64
-173.18
-150.5
92.93
109.0
105.3
216.4
25.4
39.4
259.5
0
0
202.8
24.52
247.46
19.2
58.2
277.2
0
0
27.15
-738.15 -665.09
93.40
-341.83
117.95
-956.46 -792.16
165.13
-1552.3
1273.0
245.58
-391.41
142.22
-2223.8 -1804.1
352.33
-705.84
86.95
-272.04
60.75
-101.67 -100.78
60.29
-167.36 -151.82
52.93
-928.85
120.93
-3015.8 -2511.6
409.20
-822.50
90.0
-2583.0 -2253.1
307.46
-1120.9 -1014.2
146.19
0
0
40.83
5.58
59.25
-964.4
-831.3
100.0
-1089.1 -998.23
84.98
0
0
31.09
-504.59 -466.00
347.69
90.79
113.16
217.15
-580.0 -521.58
39.71
-36.29
198.7
135.14
124.30
201.82
109.51
125.50
113.01
-92.31
186.90
-74.48
236.50
-34.85
83.97
188.28
-273.30
173.78
26.50
206.59
-134.31
266.39
-174.14
-80.84
155.64
0
0
130.68
-241.83
-228.6
188.84
-285.83
-237.2
69.95
-187.78 -120.38
109.50
-136.11
-136.11
a
23.83
16.12
57.32
84.08
35.42
96.23
47.82
66.85
131.0
205.02
281.16
63.64
32.0
44.5
29.91
24.18
62.1
23.97
83.26
67.48
cp / J⋅K-1mol-1
cpo = a + bT + cT2
T/K
b⋅103
c⋅106
0.79
298 - 1358
140.07 -104.77
298 - 703
298
-36.65
24.43
-5.25
115.66
-31.81
5.02
81.03
-56.66
8.37
35.65
-15.97
92.05
23.39
96.23
45.02
50.17
28.98
26.34
71.0
29.19
29.55
120.50
29.59
27.58
22.93
109.87
28.61
28.44
75.30
89.33
29.61
298
298
298
298 - 6000
298 - 600
298
298 - 1809
298 - 950
298
298
94.93
57.10
44.63
50.54
62.17
51.17
394.47
56.81
271.8
78.08
26.07
29.28
298 - 1109
298 - 2000
298
298
298 - 2000
298
298
298
41.66
19.05
-16.19
190.65
-83.36
174.70
-57.79
239.45
-25.32
-2.99
35.23
-11.11
-1.20
28.61
3.44
-9.26
-2.42
5.38
115.93
3.00
-47.10
0.39
14.19
49.93
-16.04
298 - 1373
298 - 1650
298
298
298 - 1200
298
298 - 950
298
298 - 900
298
303 – 2477
298
298
298
298
298
298
298 – 1100
298 – 1200
298
298 – 1200
298 – 1400
298
298 – 1000
298 – 1400
298 – 1200
298
298 – 1000
500 - 1700
298
298
298 - 1500
lit
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1,2
2
2
2
2
2
18
18
1
1
18
1
2
1
2
2
1
2
1
1
1
1,2
1
2
1
1
1,2
1
1
18
2
1,2
2
2
1,2
1
1,2
1,2
1
1
2
1
1
1
2
1
1
1,2
2
1
4
T. Hofman, © Tablice termodynamiczne, 2010
(4)
H2 S
H2SO4
H2Se
H3BO3
Hg
M/
g⋅mol-1
34.08
98.08
80.98
61.83
200.59
HgCl2
HgI2
HgO
HgS
Hg2
Hg2CO3
Hg2Cl2
Hg2SO4
I2
271.50
454.40
216.59
232.66
@
461.19
472.09
497.24
253.81
In
In2O3
K
114.82
277.63
39.10
KBr
KCN
KCl
119.00
65.12
74.55
KClO4
KF
KF·2H2O
KH
KI
KNO3
KOH
K2CO3
K2CO3·0,5H2O
K2CO3·1,5H2O
K2Cr2O7
K2 O
K2O2
K2 S
K2SO4
Li
LiBr
LiBr·H2O
LiBr·2H2O
LiCl
LiF
LiH
LiNO3
LiNO3·3H2O
LiOH
Li2CO3
Li2O
Li2SO4
Li2SO4·H2O
138.55
58.10
94.14
40.11
166.00
101.10
56.11
138.21
147.22
165.24
294.18
94.20
110.20
110.26
174.26
6.941
86.85
104.87
122.89
42.39
25.94
7.949
68.95
123.01
23.95
73.89
29.88
109.95
127.97
faza
g
c
g
s
c
g
s
s
cz
s
g
s
s
s
s
c
g
s
s
s
c
s
s
s
c
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
T = 298 K
∆Hf°/
∆Gf°/
kJ⋅mol-1 kJ⋅mol-1
-20.6
-33.02
-814.21 -690.29
33.47
33.47
-1094.0
0
0
61.38
-230.12
-105.44
-90.79
-58.99
-51.42
108.8
68.2
-553.29 -468.61
265.37
-743.09 -627.45
0
0
13.52
62.42
0
0
-925.92 -831.93
0
0
2.27
-393.80
-113.39 -101.94
-436.68
-421.79
-430.12
-568.61
-1162.3 -1020.1
-57.82
-327.90
-494.55 -394.64
-424.72
-1150.2
-1307.5 -1191.9
-1612.9 -1437.9
-2061.9 -1882.1
-363.17
-495.80
-376.56
-1437.7
0
0
-350.91
-661.91 -594.59
-961.90 -836.38
-408.27
-616.93
-90.63
-483.21 -380.48
-1372.1 -1097.1
-484.93
-1216.0
-598.73
-1436.4 -1322.0
-1736.4 -1561.4
S°/
J⋅K-1⋅ mol-1
205.81
156.9
218.82
88.70
75.90
174.91
144.5
181.33
70.25
82.42
288.1
181.06
191.6
200.70
116.14
150.36
260.69
57.82
107.95
64.68
71.40
95.92
127.78
82.56
86.66
150.86
66.55
154.99
50.18
106.37
132.88
78.90
155.44
171.54
205.02
291.21
94.03
112.93
115.06
175.56
29.12
74.04
112.47
150.31
59.31
35.73
20.03
87.86
209.2
42.81
90.31
37.85
113.97
146.44
a
28.45
138.9
34.64
28.21
27.98
20.83
63.05
66.16
29.27
48.41
37.4
90.46
131.96
54.43
80.67
38.21
26.74
92.05
29.54
37.60
51.35
47.92
73.60
-8.45
43.27
66.27
22.03
52.13
95.06
52.50
76.02
129.70
163.18
219.66
61.46
79.37
67.02
90.06
21.00
47.53
91.71
121.34
39.43
30.31
8.08
89.12
202.09
20.31
70.41
33.87
63.92
151.08
cp / J⋅K-1mol-1
cpo = a + bT + cT2
T/K
b⋅103
c⋅106
20.21
298 - 1400
298
298
196.57
-61.72
298 - 1500
41.95
36.67
57.85
-18.51
7.36
-27.70
42.03
-11.65
-2.96
-20.54
-1.92
13.25
17.38
8.68
8.865
511.2
19.95
-370.7
-2.650
59.55
-4.25
-21.15
21.38
22.96
134.8
62.39
-20.98
87.21
70.71
25.59
139.46
0
-5.053
-43.10
30.73
42.73
69.55
-6.243
-13.04
-9.710
115.5
40.77
74.32
188.2
-58.33
154.1
-21.68
-27.69
39.74
40.76
32.59
630 - 6000
298 - 550
298 - 402
298 - 1000
298
298
298 - 1500
298
298
387 – 458
458 – 2000
298
289
298
336 – 1040
298 - 900
298 - 900
1044 – 2000
298 - 573
298 - 900
298
298 - 1500
298 - 954
298
298 - 516
-298 1174
298
298
298
298 - 700
298 - 2000
298 - 800
298 - 1200
298 – 453
298 – 823
298
298
298 – 883
298 – 1121
298 – 962
298
298
298 – 744
298 – 683
298 – 1600
298 – 1132
298
lit
1
2
2
1
1,2
1
1
1
1
2
18
2
1
1,2
1,2
1
1
2
2
2
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
1,2
2
5
T. Hofman, © Tablice termodynamiczne, 2010
(5)
Mg
M/
g⋅mol-1
24.31
MgBr2
MgBr2·6H2O
MgCO3
MgCO3·3H2O
MgCO3·5H2O
MgCl2
184.11
292.23
84.31
138.37
174.41
95.21
MgCl2·H2O
MgCl2·2H2O
MgCl2·4H2O
MgCl2·6H2O
MgF2
113.23
131.25
167.29
203.33
62.30
MgH2
MgO
Mg(OH)2
MgSO4
MgSO4·H2O
MgSO4·6H2O
MgSO4·7H2O
Mg3(PO4)2
Mn
MnCO3
MnO
MnO2
Mn3O4
Mo
MoO3
NF3
NH3
NH4Br
NH4Cl
NO
NOBr
NOCl
NOF
NOI
NO2
NO2Cl
NO3
NS
N2
N2H4
N2F2
N2F4
N2 O
N2O4
26.32
40.30
58.32
120.37
138.39
228.49
246.51
262.86
54.94
114.95
70.94
86.94
228.81
95.94
143.94
71.00
17.03
97.94
53.47
30.01
109.91
65.46
49.00
156.91
46.01
81.46
62.00
46.07
28.01
32.05
66.01
104.00
72.02
92.02
N2O5
Na
108.01
22.99
NaBr
102.9
NaCl
58.44
NaH
NaHCO3
NaI
24.00
84.01
149.89
faza
s
c
g
s
s
s
s
s
s
c
s
s
s
s
s
c
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
g
g
s
s
g
g
g
g
g
g
g
g
g
g
c
g
g
g
g
c
g
s
c
s
c
s
c
s
s
s
c
T = 298 K
S°/
∆Hf°/
∆Gf°/
-1
-1
kJ⋅mol-1 kJ⋅mol-1 J⋅K ⋅ mol
0
0
32.67
4.79
34.46
147.1
148.65
-524.26
117.11
-2413.8 -2059.0
393.30
-1111.7
65.84
-1977.1 -1723.8
195.64
-2566.9 -2200.0
280.33
-641.62
89.62
-601.58
129.55
-966.38 -861.59
137.24
-1279.5 -1118.0
179.91
-1897.9 -1622.4
264.01
-2498.9 -2114.9
366.1
-1124.2
57.2
-1072.4
89.93
-76.15
31.03
-601.60
26.95
-924.66
63.18
-1261.8
91.46
-1610.4 -1437.1
126.36
-3089.5 -2634.8
348.11
-3391.8 -2881.2
393.30
-3745.1
188.51
0
0
32.01
-881.66 -811.36
109.54
-385.10 -363.33
61.50
-521.49 -466.66
53.14
-1387.6 -1282.9
154.81
0
28.60
745.17 -668.12
77.74
-132.09
260.77
-45.94
192.77
-271.54
- 174.7
112.81
-314.55 -203.17
95.81
90.29
210.76
82.13
273.53
51.71
261.68
-65.69
248.08
112.13
282.96
33.10
240.04
12.13
272.19
71.13
252.61
263.59
222.09
0
0
191.6
50.63
121.52
81.17
262.63
-8.37
301.18
82.05
219.96
9.08
304.38
-19.56
209.20
11.30
346.55
0
0
51.30
2.41
57.86
-361.41
86.83
-339.34
104.36
-411.12
-411.12
-385.92
95.06
-56.44
40.03
-949.08 -851.11
101.25
-287.86
98.50
-266.51
120.75
a
22.10
34.31
20.82
63.13
cp / J⋅K-1mol-1
cpo = a + bT + cT2
b⋅103
c⋅106
8.393
T/K
298 – 923
923 – 1366
1366 – 2200
298 – 984
0
37.49
169.6
-12.54
31.71
237.69
170.2
-70.05
298 – 1000
298
59.80
92.05
115.27
159.20
241.71
315.72
47.47
94.92
15.89
31.67
36.33
60.71
133.89
44.62
-19.36
52.62
-18.94
71.18
18.89
161.9
131.3
-20.68
-83.38
-38.96
298 – 987
987 - 2500
298
298
298
298
298 – 1536
1536 - 3000
298 – 2000
298 - 3105
298 - 1000
298 – 1400
298
331.7
23.41
-107.0
-5.470
372.38
123.7
19.77
94.81
44.10
54.02
139.33
22.44
75.01
25.69
24.53
88.70
84.10
28.17
38.80
36.25
30.67
40.64
25.24
32.43
17.97
28.76
27.57
73.45
39.44
32.77
26.89
48.67
88.87
40.25
55.79
37.71
46.14
62.34
48.21
82.02
19.73
88.20
47.72
64.85
4.571
109.8
37.60
5.68
25.28
31.93
41.31
24.10
44.52
80.31
112.97
11.43
4.50
83.15
50.93
181.77
43.93
123.55
179.92
227.74
-205.1
-19.89
18.90
3.78
-14.49
62.48
16.08
-57.10
-7.68
-9.65
-13.29
-18.50
-10.88
-17.30
-36.02
-53.43
6.58
-14.94
-88.34
-15.54
-53.01
-133.5
376.85
11.11
13.11
-22.21
298
298 - 1621
298 - 980
298
298
298
298
298 - 1900
298
298 - 1000
298 - 1400
298
298
298 – 1200
298 – 1200
298 – 1000
298 - 1000
298 - 600
298 – 1200
298 – 1100
298 – 1100
298 – 1000
298 – 6000
298 – 800
298 – 2000
298 – 1100
298 – 1400
500 – 1000
298 – 500
298 – 800
298 – 371
371 – 1171
298 – 1020
1020 – 2500
298 - 1073
1073 - 2500
298 – 1500
298
298 - 933
933 - 3000
lit
1
1
1
1
2
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
1
1
2
2
2
2
1
2
1
1
1,2
1,2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
6
T. Hofman, © Tablice termodynamiczne, 2010
(6)
NaI·H2O
NaOH
Na2CO3
M/
g⋅mol-1
167.91
40.00
105.99
Na2O
Na2O2
Na2SO4
Na2SO4⋅10H2O
Nb
NbO
NbO4
Nb2O5
Ni
NiCO3
NiCl2
NiCl2·6H2O
NiO
NiSO4
NiSO4·7H2O
O2
O3
P
61.98
77.98
142.04
385.78
92.91
108.91
124.91
265.81
58.69
118.70
129.60
237.72
74.69
154.76
280.90
32.00
48.00
30.97
PCl
PCl3
PCl5
PF
PF2
PF3
PF5
PH
PH3
PN
PO
PO2
P2
P4
P4O6
P4O10
Pb
66.43
137.33
208.24
49.97
68.97
87.97
125.97
31.98
34.00
44.98
46.97
62.97
61.94
123.90
219.89
283.89
207.2
PbCO3
PbCl
PbCl2
PbO
267.21
242.7
278.11
223.20
PbO2
PbS
PbSO4
Rb
239.2
239.3
303.3
85.47
S
32.06
SCl
SCl2
SF2
SO
SO2
SO2Cl2
SO3
S2
S8
67.519
99.59
70.06
48.07
64.06
134.97
80.06
64.12
256.51
faza
s
s
s
c
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
g
g
bia
c
g
g
g
g
g
g
g
g
g
g
g
g
g
g
g
s
s
c
s
g
s
s (z)
s (cz)
s
s
s
s
c
jedn
romb
g
g
g
g
g
g
g
g
g
T = 298 K
∆Hf°/
∆Gf°/
kJ⋅mol-1 kJ⋅mol-1
-882.82 -763.16
-425.93
-1130.8
-1108.5
-417.98
-513.21
-1387.6
-4329.6 -3649.0
0
0
-419.66
-794.96
-1899.5
0
0
-694.54 -617.93
-304.93
-2107.1 -1719.2
-239.74 -211.60
-873.49 -763.77
2977.38 -2463.3
0
0
142.67
0
0
0.62
129.00
-288.70
-364.21
-52.25
-488.26
-958.44
-1594.4
253.55
5.47
104.78
-23.55
-314.52
144.0
58.9
-2214.3
-3009.9
0
0
4.28
-699.56 -625.88
15.06
-359.41
-217.96
-219.41
-274.47
-98.32
-919.97 -813.84
0
0
2.18
0.376
0.188
0
0
156.47
78.56
-296.65
5.01
-296.81
-354.80
-395.77
128.6
101.9
S°/
J⋅K-1⋅ mol-1
174.10
64.46
138.79
156.41
75.04
94.78
149.4
592.04
36.47
46.02
54.51
137.30
29.87
86.19
98.11
350.20
37.99
103.85
378.94
205.07
238.92
41.09
43.01
237.87
311.64
364.5
224.96
262.96
273.06
300.80
196.35
210.24
211.14
222.78
253.69
218.12
280.01
345.64
228.82
64.80
71.71
130.96
259.65
135.98
69.49
67.81
71.78
91.34
148.50
76.78
83.76
32.55
31.92
237.35
78.56
257.70
5.01
248.22
311.09
256.77
228.17
430.23
cp / J⋅K-1mol-1
= a + bT + cT2
3
b⋅10
c⋅106
cpo
a
76.10
91.04
189.54
45.41
59.12
145.97
549.36
24.55
36.29
42.69
103.48
23.36
63.75
364.43
44.308
97.70
364.59
27.33
25.15
11.69
26.33
34.09
69.48
108.06
30.22
26.83
35.13
42.31
28.13
19.83
25.27
30.64
23.17
30.83
64.23
14.01
60.09
24.53
34.35
87.45
35.67
68.31
27.57
34.31
43.42
46.49
103.22
1.74
35.49
23.64
22.68
37.63
49.73
32.09
25.80
27.73
52.63
28.65
31.25
151.26
-134.7
14.58
265.49
175.61
92.10
119.11
42.40
-42.36
-60.64
11.48
16.83
51.44
105.66
-1.47
-6.42
-34.15
34.38
28.31
-6.40
5.44
54.26
59.89
-23.66
-64.20
2.00
6.55
11.97
4.39
76.08
93.66
166.84
2.97
63.72
16.84
1.97
75.78
3.38
9.07
558.64
562.17
7.32
-7.64
2.19
29.63
75.13
43.15
69.11
9.96
-53.91
-49.32
-81.78
-19.28
-6.50
6.08
-48.99
-412.2
-178.6
-47.17
-16.35
-32.35
103.11
-12.86
-16.25
8.54
0.13
3.72
50.92
16.36
46.46
95.46
84.57
4.45
15.18
-26.80
-5.85
-19.21
-45.09
-36.23
T/K
298 – 572
298 - 723
1123 - 2500
298 - 1023
298 – 785
298 – 1157
298
298 – 2750
298 – 2210
298 – 1090
298 - 1785
298 - 600
298 – 1100
298
298
298
298
298 – 6000
298 - 1200
298 - 317
371 – 1180
298 - 6000
298 – 6000
298 – 6000
298 – 6000
298 – 600
298 – 1000
298 – 1100
298 – 1200
298 – 1200
298 – 1200
298 – 600
298 - 600
298 – 6000
298 – 6000
298 – 600
298 – 1500
298 – 601
601 - 2019
298
298 - 6000
298 – 774
298 – 762
298 - 1159
298 – 1200
298 – 1387
298 – 313
313 – 970
298
298
298 – 6000
298 – 6000
298 – 1000
298 - 1400
298 - 1200
298 – 1100
298 – 1200
298 – 6000
298 – 6000
lit
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1,2
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
7
T. Hofman, © Tablice termodynamiczne, 2010
(7)
Sb
SbCl5
M/
g⋅mol-1
121.76
192.67
Sb2O5
Se
SeO
SeO2
Si
SiBr4
SiCl
SiCl2
SiCl3
SiCl4
SiF
SiF2
SiF4
SiH4
SiI4
291.52
78.96
94.96
110.96
28.09
347.70
63.54
98.99
134.44
169.90
47.08
66.08
104.08
32.12
535.70
SiO2
Sn
60.08
118.71
SnO
SnO2
Sr
SrCO3
SrCl2
SrCl2·2H2O
SrCl2·6H2O
SrO
V
VO
V2O3
V2O5
W
WCl2
WCl4
WCl5
WCl6
WO2
WO3
Zn
134.71
150.71
87.62
147.63
158.53
194.87
266.95
103.62
50.94
66.94
149.88
181.88
183.84
254.75
325.65
361.10
396.56
215.84
231.84
65.36
ZnCO3
ZnO
Zn(OH)2
ZnS
ZnSO4
ZnSO4·H2O
ZnSO4·2H2O
ZnSO4·6H2O
ZnSO4·7H2O
125.37
81.36
97.58
97.46
161.42
179.44
197.46
269.54
287.56
faza
s
c
g
s
s
g
g
s
c
g
g
g
g
g
g
g
g
s
c
s(α)
s(b)
s(sz)
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s(α)
s
s
s
c
g
s
s
s
s(sfa)
s
s
s
s
s
∆Hf°/
kJ⋅mol-1
0
-437.23
-388.82
-1007.5
0
T = 298 K
∆Gf°/
kJ⋅mol-1
0
-345.35
-328.82
-864.73
0
54.59
-126.8
0
-457.31
198.32
-168.62
-390.37
-662.75
-20.08
-587.85
-1615.0
34.31
-189.54
-174.60
-910.7
0
-2.092
-280.71
-577.63
0
-1220.1
-828.85
-1446.0
-2628.8
-592.04
0
-431.79
-1218.8
-1550.6
0
-257.32
-443.09
-512.96
-593.71
-589.69
-842.91
0
6.52
130.4
-818.05
-350.46
-641.9
-205.43
-980.14
-1301.5
-1596.0
-2779.0
-3078.5
S°/
J⋅K-1⋅ mol-1
cp / J⋅K-1mol-1
= a + bT + cT2
3
b⋅10
c⋅106
cpo
a
25.23
45.69
294.97
401.66
125.1
42.13
120.9
117.6
25.36
27.87
-132.0
234.30
264.8
31.13
42.68
0
18.81
278.24
237.81
281.30
318.13
330.86
225.73
256.58
282.76
204.65
258.15
294.31
41.46
51.18
44.14
57.17
49.04
55.69
97.1
114.81
200.83
393.30
55.42
28.93
39.10
98.16
130.40
32.66
130.54
198.47
217.61
417.56
50.50
75.91
41.63
50.79
160.99
82.42
43.65
81.2
57.744
110.54
145.52
192.46
355.89
388.69
16.25
146.44
35.43
50.17
68.43
86.92
31.55
31.64
42.33
13.96
80.93
147.50
44.43
26.99
25.77
44.35
52.72
26.78
81.4
76.60
0
0.125
-256.88
-519.87
0
-1140.1
-1283.8
-2246.1
0
0
-468.97
0
-736.80
-320.66
-553.5
-200.72
-870.12
-1131.2
-1370.3
-2324.0
-2563.9
41.00
34.85
38.65
91.20
70.97
22.95
71.29
109.16
120.52
125.52
37.14
44.55
23.38
31.38
21.57
80.08
49.02
45.52
40.44
153.55
189.12
355.64
381.41
13.57
1.08
3.21
7.05
10.15
2.92
51.07
124.10
107.73
93.48
41.25
-17.29
15.19
-14.98
24.11
47.59
237.58
22.05
21.90
74.83
118.65
167.36
70.79
111.92
4.84
-26.65
-64.59
-36.60
-8.63
46.52
11.96
-127.07
4.55
-17.57
-28.53
-53.97
6.37
-0.86
T/K
298
298
298
298
298
298
298 - 1685
298 – 800
298 – 6000
298 – 6000
298 – 6000
298 – 6000
298 – 6000
298 - 1000
298 - 1000
298 – 1300
298 – 395
394 – 700
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298 – 1000
298 – 2938
298 – 2190
298 – 2063
298 – 2340
298 – 943
298 - 1900
298 – 2000
298 – 2000
298 – 526
298 – 450
298 – 1300
298 – 1050
298 - 693
693 - 1180
1180 – 6000
5.11
218.78
-74.63
298
298
298 - 540
298
298
298
298
lit
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1,2
1,2
2
1,2
1,2
1,2
18
1
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1,2
18
2
1,2
2
2
2
2
8
T. Hofman, © Tablice termodynamiczne, 2010
2. Standardowe funkcje termodynamiczne pierwiastków i związków chemicznych.
Związki organiczne [1-4,18]
(8)
M/
g⋅mol-1
CCl4
153.82
CHBr3
CHCl3
CHF3
252.73
119.38
73.02
CH2O
CH2O2
formaldehyd
kwas
mrówkowy
30.03
46.03
CH2Cl2
84.93
CH3Br
94.94
CH3Cl
CH3F
CH4
CH4O
50.49
35.03
16.04
32.04
CH5N
C2H2
C2H2Cl2
C2H2O4
metan
metanol
∆Hf°/
kJ⋅mol-1
g
c
g
g
g
c
g
g
c
g
c
g
c
g
g
g
g
c
g
g
c
s
-106.7
139.3
41.84
-100.4
-698.8
-139.3
-116.7
-378.6
-422.8
-87.91
-124.3
-37.49
-61.09
-82.05
-246.86
-74.85
-201.2
-238.7
-28.03
226.7
-24.3
-826.8
-64.34
-68.51
32.50
-67.56
-664.3
-68.51
-109.9
-351.0
-359.4
-58.60
g
g
g
c
g
52.28
-166.43
-434.8
-484.9
-103.8
68.12
-133.78
-376.7
-390.1
-84.67
-184.1
-234.8
-277.6
-65.3
-32.89
-112.9
-168.3
-174.6
-28.02
-26.10
-58.60
-222.9
-50.79
-161.7
-166.2
-27.5
209.2
metyloamina
etyn
1,1kwas
szczawiowy
eten
etanal
kwas octowy
28.05
44.05
60.05
C2H5N
O2
C2H6
C2H6O
C2H6O
nitroetan
75.06
etan
di-metyl eter
etanol
30.07
46.07
46.07
C2H6S
dwumetylo
siarczek
62.13
g
g
g
c
c
C2H7N
C2H7N
etyloamina
dimetylo
amina
45.08
45.08
g
g
c
-37.4
-47.5
-43.9
C3H4
C3H4
C3H6
C3H6
C3H6O
propyn
propadien
propen
cyklopropan
aceton
40.07
40.07
42.08
42.08
58.08
1-nitropropan
89.09
-18.8
185.4
192.1
20.41
53.30
-217.6
-247.7
-124.3
68.5
194.6
202.4
62.72
104.3
-153.1
-154.8
C3H7N
O2
C3H8
g
g
g
g
g
g
c
g
propan
44.10
1-propanol
60.10
C3H8O
C3H8O
C3H9N
C3H9N
izopropanol
etyl metyl eter
propyloamina
izoropyloamina
60.10
60.10
59.11
59.11
-103.8
-119.8
-255.6
- 302.5
-317.0
-216.4
-70.1
-112.3
-23.49
C3H8O
g
c
g
c
c
g
g
c
g
-83.7
32.2
C2H4
C2H4O
C2H4O2
29.04
26.04
96.94
90.04
f
T = 298 K
∆Gf°/
kJ⋅mol-1
-697.6
36.3
70.0
39.9
cp / J⋅K-1mol-1
= a + bT + cT2
c⋅106
b⋅103
cpo
S°/
J⋅K-1⋅
mol-1
309.7
214.4
330.7
295.6
259.6
214.4
218.8
251.6
129.0
270.75
174.5
245.85
160.37
234.29
222.8
186.2
239.7
126.7
241.6
200.8
201.54
120.1
40.7
131.7
71.04
24.0
51.04
131.7
23.5
11.7
99.0
17.58
129.3
42.47
79.62
14.91
37.49
17.5
21.1
81.6
16.82
23.5
111.3
109
219.5
265.81
282.5
159.8
320.5
a
201
-227
189
lit
T/K
-184
298
298
316
136
29.8
-84.1
143.12
-98.37
298
298
298
4
4
2
4
2
4
4
4
4
4
1
2
2
4
2
3
4
4
4
3
1
4
96.27
-31.57
60.5
70.9
1.12
25.9
128.6
85.8
-36.4
-58.3
4.20
17.54
4.84
123.4
79.0
155
132.44
255
-81.1
-21.56
-175
229.5
266.6
282.0
160.7
196.4
4.49
17.0
9.01
111.4
118.1
182
179
214
286.0
283.8
182.3
74.1
71.5
137.7
273.1
248.1
243.9
266.9
237.7
294.9
200
350.0
70.7
18.5
15.1
3.31
55.2
6.30
125
104.1
269.9
-4.80
322.49
192.8
180.58
309.2
325.4
218.3
85.56
144.0
161.2
93.3
91.2
163.8
298
298
298
298
298
298
3
3
1
1
1
18
18
18
312.2
97.5
298
18
298
298 - 1500
298 - 1500
298
298 - 1500
298
-74.9
-52.3
-83.9
298 - 1500
3
4
4
4
18
298
298
298
298
60.2
-50.9
-118
260
18
18
18
298
157
151
236
3
4
4
4
18
18
3
3
3
3
4
4
18
-125
273 - 1200
298 - 1500
298
307
-160
298 - 1500
9
T. Hofman, © Tablice termodynamiczne, 2010
(9)
M/
g⋅mol-1
f
∆Hf°/
kJ⋅mol-1
C3H9N
trimetyloamina
59.11
c
54.09
54.09
54.09
54.09
56.11
g
g
g
g
g
g
g
-23.6
162.2
110.2
165.2
146.3
-0.1255
-17.9
C4H8O
C4H10
1,2-butadien
1,3-butadien
1-butyn
2-butyn
1-buten
2-metyl-1propen
butanon
n-butan
C4H10
izobutan
58.12
C4H10O
di-etyl eter
74.12
-238.4
-126.1
-147.7
-134.5
-158.4
-252.2
C4H10O
74.12
C4H10O
metyletylo
eter
1-butanol
C4H10O
izobutanol
74.12
C4H10O
2-butanol
74.12
C5H8
C5H8
68.12
68.12
-238.02
-266.0
-275.3
-328.0
-283.8
-334.6
-293.0
-324.7
144.3
75.7
C5H8
C5H8
C5H8
C5H8
C5H8
C5H10
C5H10
1-pentyn
2-metyl, 1,3butadien
1,3-pentadien
1,2-pentadien
1,4-pentadien
2,3-pentadien
cyklopenten
1-penten
cyklopentan
g
g
c
g
c
g
c
g
c
g
c
g
c
g
c
g
g
68.12
68.12
68.12
68.12
68.12
70.14
70.14
C5H12
2-metylobutan
72.15
C5H12
2,2-dimetylopropan
72.15
g
g
g
g
g
g
g
c
g
c
g
75.8
140.6
106.3
133.0
36.0
-20.92
-77.24
-105.9
-153.7
-178.2
-166.06
C5H12
n-pentan
72.15
C6H6
benzen
78.11
C6H12
cykloheksan
84.16
C6H14
2,2-dimetylC4
86.18
c
g
c
g
c
g
c
g
-190.3
-146.4
-173.1
82.93
49.03
-123.1
-156.2
-185.6
C6H14
86.18
c
c
C6H14
C6H14
2,3-dimetylC4
2-metyl-C5
3-metyl-C5
C6H14
n-heksan
86.18
c
g
c
g
c
72.11
58.12
74.12
86.18
86.18
cp / J⋅K-1mol-1
cpo = a + bT + cT2
b⋅103
c⋅106
lit
S°/
J⋅K-1⋅
mol-1
208.5
137.9
298
18
287.1
293.0
278.7
290.8
283.3
307.4
293.59
91.8
81.6
-2.96
13.5
15.1
21.5
88.09
298
18
3
3
3
3
3
1
-146.1
-17.15
310.1
-20.92
294.6
-45.7
C4H6
C4H6
C4H6
C4H6
C4H8
C4H8
T = 298 K
∆Gf°/
kJ⋅mol-1
198.4
150.7
202.1
185.4
71.50
79.33
38.62
36.40
-15.24
352.0
262.9
362.0
225.7
350.0
214.5
355.37
213.1
331.0
314.76
315.6
334.8
334.0
329.11
289.7
345.8
292.9
204.3
343.17
260.41
302.35
340
270
242
258
-224
149
112
-80.8
10.9
0.469
356
385
-190
-199
298 - 1500
-6.84
410
-220
298 - 1500
336
-104
165.4
108.0
176.9
133.7
181.05
112.7
198.0
18.6
102.69
99.06
101.0
98.24
99.9
81.3
7.48
-54.4
298 - 1500
298
298
298
298
380
298
298
298
348
188
298
298
298
298
298
298
424
546
-232
-308
-1.18
164.5
25.43
200.66
-109.9
414.22
-148.1
163.9
1.44
476
-250
279
298 - 1500
472
255
679
-298
-33.9
59.5
-67.7
156.56
141.5
-213.4
-207.1
272.0
278.85
-204.3
-171.6
-202.0
-167.2
-198.8
290.58
382.88
292.5
388.4
295.9
-0.2929
-4.310
298 - 1500
298 - 1500
298
298 - 1500
298
298 - 1500
216.81
348.9
263.3
269.2
172.8
298.2
204.4
358.65
-8.368
9.414
129.7
124.5
31.76
26.65
T/K
21.4
171.1
-122.3
209.9
a
4
3
3
3
3
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
3
3
1
3
298
1
3
3
3
3
3
3
1
189.7
189.0
298
298
1
1
194.2
140.1
191.2
3.08
298
298
298
298 - 1500
1
1
1
3
3
566
-381
-300
298 - 1500
281 – 353
298 - 1500
10
T. Hofman, © Tablice termodynamiczne, 2010
(10)
M/
g⋅mol-1
C7H8
toluen
92.14
C7H14
cykloheptan
98.19
C7H16
n-heptan
100.21
C8H18
n-oktan
114.23
C10H8
naftalen
128.17
C10H22
n-dekan
142.29
f
g
c
g
c
g
c
g
c
g
s
g
c
∆Hf°/
kJ⋅mol-1
T = 298 K
∆Gf°/
kJ⋅mol-1
50.00
12.00
-119.3
-157.9
-187.8
-224.4
-208.4
-250.0
152.0
78.45
-249.7
-301.0
122.3
114.1
63.01
54.22
8.117
1.130
16.53
6.611
224.4
201.3
33.35
17.24
S°/
J⋅K-1⋅
mol-1
319.7
219.6
342.3
242.5
427.8
328.5
466.7
360.8
336.5
167.4
544.6
425.9
a
cp / J⋅K-1mol-1
cpo = a + bT + cT2
b⋅103
c⋅106
lit
T/K
-33.9
59.6
557
327
-342
298 - 1500
5.02
654
-349
6.91
742
-397
298 - 1500
298
298 - 1500
165.35
10.5
668
504
298
298 - 1000
3. Średnie termochemiczne energie wiązań w temperaturze 298 K [4]
wiązanie
uwagi
Br−Br
Br - H
Br - C
C−C
C=C
C≡C
C−Cl
C−H
energia dysocjacji Br2
C-N
C=N
C≡N
C−O
C=O
C=O
C-S
Cl−Cl
Cl−H
metan
oprócz metanu
aldehydy
ketony
energia dysocjacji Cl2
EXY /
kJ⋅mol-1
193.4
365.7
284
347.3
612.8
836.4
335
415.7
412.3
284
607
891
356
737
749
280
242.4
431.6
Cl-N
H−H
H-I
H−N
H−O
H-S
I-H
I-I
N≡N
N-O
N=O
O=O
S-S
energia dysocjacji H2
energia dysocjacji I2
energia dysocjacji N2
energia dysocjacji O2
192
436.0
298.7
390.8
462.6
366.1
298.7
151,0
945.1
209
607
498.6
280
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
11
T. Hofman, © Tablice termodynamiczne, 2010
4. Dane fizykochemiczne - pierwiastki i związki nieorganiczne [4,6-8,13,18]
(1)
Tk
/K
pk
/bar
Vk
/cm3⋅
mol-1
ω
A
stałe r-nia Antoine’a
B
C
Al
Ag
Ar
150.8
48.7
74.9
-0.004
Au
Bi
Br2
584
103
127
0.132
2582.3
51.56
132.9
35.0
93.1
0.049
14.369
530.22
13.15
COCl2
455
56.7
190
0.204
15.757
2167.3
43.15
COS
375
58.8
140
0.099
CO2
304.2
73.8
94.0
0.225
22.590
3103.4
0.16
CS2
552
79.0
170
0.115
Cd
Cl2
417
77
124
0.073
15.961
1978.3
27.01
Cu
F2
144.3
52.2
66.2
0.048
15.670
714.10
6.00
Fe
H2
33.2
13.0
65.0
-0.22
H2O
647.3
220.5
56.0
0.344
H2S
373.2
89.4
98.5
0.100
HBr
363.2
85.5
100.0
0.063
HCl
324.6
83.1
81.0
0.12
HF
461
64.8
69
0.372
HI
424
83.1
131
0.05
HNO3
Hg
1764
1670
I2
819
116
155
0.229
Kr
Mg
209.4
55
92.2
-0.002
NH3
405.6
112.8
72.5
0.250
NO
180
64.8
58
0.607
NO2
431.4
101
170
N2
126.2
33.9
N2O
309.6
72.4
18.304
3816.4
46.13
16.948
2132.5
32.98
0.86
20.532
4141.3
-3.65
89.5
0.040
14.954
588.72
6.60
97.4
0.160
16.127
1506.5
25.99
top
par
top
subc
sub
par
top
par
top
par
top
sub
P3a
par
top
par
top
par
top
par
top
par
top
par
top
par
top
par
top
544.4
331.9
266.0
298
3950
81.7
68.0
280.7
145
222.9
134.3
194.66
216.55
319.4
161.3
1038
594
238.7
172.2
2868
1357.1
85.0
53.5
3275
1808
20.4
14.0
373.2
273.2
26.74
4.39
99.87
6.40
20.42
6.406
304.6
13.01
6.527
1.556
354.1
16.2
0.904
0.117
40.66
6.008
par
top
par
top
par
top
par
top
par
top
top
par
top
15.844
C
CO
przemiany fazowe, p = 1 atm
Tp/K
∆Hp /
kJ⋅mol-1
par
2720
293.7
top
931.7
10.7
par
2485
254.1
top
1234
11.9
par
87.3
6.52
top
83.8
1.12
top
1336
12.7
par
1703
172.0
10.9
30.17
10.58
715.4
598
6.041
0.836
24.40
212.8
187.6
206.1
187.1
188.1
159.0
292.7
190
237.6
222.4
231.56
629.7
234.29
18.66
2.378
17.66
2.404
16.15
1.992
6.694
3.928
19.77
2.87
10.47
58.51
2.295
par
top
par
par
top
par
top
par
top
par
top
par
top
par
top
457.5
386.8
119.9
1380
924
239.7
195.4
121.4
106.5
294.3
261.9
77.4
63.3
184.7
182.3
22.0
15.77
9.08
131.8
9.1
23.35
5.65
13.81
2.299
19.06
T = (298.15 K lub Ttop (c,s))
d /g⋅cm-3
α⋅105/
κ⋅105/
K-1
bar-1
2.699
6.91
10.5
5.67
19.32
9.80
*10.001 c
*9.673 s
4.26
3.63
113
5.96
2.260 gra
3.513 dia
0.786
0.118
8.642
8.94
8.96
4.9
7.86
3.51
0.9970
*0.9998 c
*0.9167 s
25.6
4.52
13.546
*13.690 c
*14.193 s
4.940
18.1
0.403
8.4
1.28
1.74
7.68
25.23
5.577
0.721
16.55
0.77
12
T. Hofman, © Tablice termodynamiczne, 2010
stałe r-nia Antoine’a
B
C
Tk
/K
pk
/bar
Vk
/cm3⋅
mol-1
Ne
Ni
44.4
27.6
42
O2
154.6
50.5
73.4
0.021
15.408
734.55
6.45
O3
261.0
55.7
88.9
0.215
15.743
1272.2
22.16
(2)
ω
A
N2O4
P
PCl3
563
PH3
Pb
324.5
260
65.4
S
SO2
430.8
78.8
122
0.251
16.768
2302.4
35.97
SO3
491
82
130
0.41
20.840
3995.7
36.66
Sb
SiCl4
507
37.5
326
Sn
Xe
Zn
289.7
58.4
118
15.802
2634.2
43.15
przemiany fazowe, p = 1 atm
Tp/K
∆Hp /
kJ⋅mol-1
par
294.3
38.12
top
261.9
14.65
par
27.10
1.71
par
3005
378.6
top
1726
17.6
par
90.2
6.820
top
54.4
0.444
par
161.3
11.17
top
80.5
sub
689
top
317.3 b
2.51 b
par
347.2
30.5
top
181
4.52
par
185.4
par
1893
178
top
600.5
4.772
par
717.8
10.46
polib
368.5
0.401
top
388.4
1.718
par
263
24.92
top
197.7
7.401
par
318
40.65
top
290
2.0
par
1910
195.2
top
903.7
20.1
par
330.4
27.53
top
204.3
par
2533
296.1
top
505.1
7.07
polid
286.4
par
165
par
1180
114.8
top
693
6.67
T = (298.15 K lub Ttop (c,s))
d /g⋅cm-3
α⋅105/
κ⋅105/
(* e)
K-1
bar-1
8.902
3.84
1.82
190
12.34
8.73
2.07 romb
1.96 jsk
*1.819 c
19.2
6.684
3.42
1.483
140.4
5.769 α
7.365 β
*6.99 c
6.0 β
7.14
9.45
9.9
16.3
a
W punkcie potrójnym p3= 5.17 bar. b Przejście polimorficzne S(rombowa) → S(jednoskośna). c Pod ciśnieniem równowagowym. d Przejście
polimorficzne Sn(regularna, α) → Sn(tetragonalna, β). e Gęstości poprzedzone znakiem „*” odnoszą się to normalnej temperatury przejścia
fazowego.
13
T. Hofman, © Tablice termodynamiczne, 2010
5. Dane fizykochemiczne – związki organiczne [4,7-18]
Stałe r-nia Antoine’a
Tk
pk
Vk
/K
/bar
0.194
15.874
2808.2
45.99
ω
CCl4
556.4
45.6
/cm3⋅
mol-1
276
CHCl3
536.4
54.7
239
0.216
15.973
2696.8
46.16
193
0.193
16.303
2633.4
41.70
0.253
16.478
2204.1
30.15
16.988
3599.6
26.09
(1)
CH2Cl2
dichlorometan
510
60.8
CH2O
formaldehyd
408
65.9
CH2O2
kwas
mrówkowy
A
C
416.3
66.8
139
0.156
16.105
2078.0
29.55
588
CH3NO2
63.1
173
0.346
16.219
2972.6
64.15
CH4
metan
190.6
46.0
99.0
0.008
CH4O
metanol
512.6
81.0
118
0.559
CH5N
C2Cl4
metyloamina
tetrachloroeten
430.8
620
76.2
44.6
141
290
C2HCl3
trichloroeten
571
49.1
256
0.213
C2H2
etyn
308.3
61.4
113
0.184
C2H4
eten
282.4
50.4
129
0.085
15.537
1347.0
18.15
C2H4O2
kwas
octowy
594.4
57.9
171
0.454
16.808
3405.6
56.34
C2H5Cl
C2H6
1-chloroetan
etan
460.4
305.4
53
48.8
148
3626.6
34.29
16.164
0.098
18.588
3259.3
52.15
16.183
3028.1
43.15
15.664
1511.4
17.16
C2H6O
di-metyl eter
400.0
53.7
178
0.192
16.847
2361.4
17.1
C2H6O
etanol
516.2
63.8
167
0.635
18.912
3804.0
41.68
C3H4
propyn
402.4
56.2
164
0.222
C3H4
propadien
393
54.7
162
0.313
13.156
1054.7
77.08
C3H6
propen
365.0
46.2
181
0.148
15.703
1807.5
26.15
C3H6
cyklopropan
397.8
54.9
170
0.264
15.860
1971.0
26.65
C3H6O
aceton
508.1
47.0
209
0.309
16.651
2940.5
35.93
C3H7Cl
1chloropropan
503
45.8
C3H8
propan
369.8
42.5
C3H8O
1-propanol
536.7
51.7
203
219
a
kJ⋅mol-1
580
CH3Cl
B
przemiany fazowe,
(p = 1 atm)
Tp /K
∆Hp /
0.152
0.624
15.726
17.544
1872.5
3166.4
25.16
80.15
par
o
top
par
o
top
par
o
top
par
top
par
o
top
par
top
par
top
par
top
par
o
top
par
par
o
top
par
o
top
par
top
par
top
par
o
top
par
par
o
top
par
o
top
par
o
top
par
top
par
top
par
o
top
par
o
top
par
o
top
par
o
top
par
o
top
par
o
top
349.7
298.15
250
334.3
298.15
209.6
313
298.15
178.1
254
156
373.8
298.15
281.5
248.9
175.4
374.4
244.6
111.7
90.7
337.8
298.15
175.5
266.8
394.1
298.15
251
360.4
298.15
156.8
189.2
192.4
169.4
104.0
391.1
298.15
298.8
285.5
184.5
298.15
89.9
248.3
298.15
131.7
351.5
298.15
159.1
250.0
170.5
238.7
136.9
255.4
298.15
87.9
240.4
298.15
145.7
329.4
298.15
178.2
319.67
298.15
150.4
231.1
298.15
85.5
370.4
298.15
146.9
30.00
32.54
2.431
29.71
31.40
9.539
28.06
29.00
T = (298.15 K lub Ttop (c,s))
d /g⋅cm-3
( b)
1.5844
α⋅105
κ⋅105/
1.4799
121
9.96
1.3168
139
10.3
/K-1
114
bar-1
10.5
23.01
21.92
46.30
12.68
21.42
1.2141
34.43
1.13128
8.180
0.938
35.25
37.83
3.205
0.7866
149
12.1
34.68
39.72
1.6146
102
7.56
31.40
34.62
1.4597
117
8.57
1.0437
108
9.08
0.7850
140
11.38
0.7844
146
12.62
0.8830
140
12.09
*0.731 c
*0.755 s
0.7998
98
9.9
16.95
3.76
13.92
3.351
23.68
51.60
11.73
14.71
9.76
2.857
21.51
19.30
4.94
38.74
42.46
5.021
22.13
*1.1 s
*0.650 c
*0.730 s
18.62
18.41
16.04
3.002
20.04
18.11
5.443
29.12
31.27
5.690
27.18
28.35
18.77
16.25
2.524
41.76
47.50
5.372
14
T. Hofman, © Tablice termodynamiczne, 2010
Tk
pk
Vk
/K
/bar
ω
Stałe r-nia Antoine'a
C3H8O
2-propanol
508.3
47.6
/cm3⋅
mol-1
220
C4H6
1,2-butadien
443.7
45.0
219
0.255
16.104
2397.3
30.88
C4H6
1,3-butadien
425
43.3
221
0.195
15.773
2142.7
34.30
C4H6
1-butyn
463.7
47.1
220
0.050
16.061
2271.4
40.30
C4H6
2-butyn
488.6
50.9
221
0.124
16.287
2536.8
37.34
C4H8
cyklobutan
459.9
49.9
210
0.209
15.925
2359.1
31.78
C4H8
1-buten
419.6
40.2
240
0.187
15.756
2132.4
33.15
C4H8O
butanon
535.6
41.5
267
0.329
16.599
3150.4
36.65
C4H9Cl
1-chlorobutan
542
36.9
312
0.218
15.975
2826.3
49.05
C4H10
n-butan
425.2
38.0
255
0.193
15.678
2154.9
34.42
C4H10
izobutan
408.1
36.5
263
0.176
15.538
2032.7
33.15
C4H10O
di-etyl eter
466.7
36.4
280
0.281
16.083
2511.3
41.95
C4H10O
1-butanol
562.9
44.2
274
0.590
17.216
3137.0
94.43
C4H10O
izobutanol
547.7
43.0
273
0.588
16.871
2874.7
100.3
C4H10O
2-butanol
536.0
41.9
268
0.576
17.210
3026.0
86.65
C5H8
1-pentyn
493.4
40.5
278
0.164
16.043
2515.6
45.97
C5H10
1-penten
464.7
40.5
300
0.245
15.765
2406.0
39.63
C5H10
cyklopentan
511.6
45.1
260
0.192
15.857
2588.5
41.79
C5H12
n-pentan
469.6
33.7
304
0.251
15.833
2477.1
39.94
C6H6
benzen
562.1
48.9
259
0.212
15.901
2788.5
52.36
C6H12
cykloheksan
553.4
40.7
308
0.213
15.753
2766.6
50.50
C6H14
n-heksan
507.4
29.7
370
0.296
15.837
2697.6
48.78
C6H14O
dipropyl eter
530.6
28.8
390
15.998
2893.2
54.14
(2)
A
B
C
0.773
18.693
3640.2
53.54
a
przemiany fazowe
(p = 1 atm)
Tp /K
∆Hp
/kJ⋅mol-1
par
o
top
par
o
top
par
o
top
par
o
top
par
top
par
o
top
par
o
top
par
o
top
par
o
top
par
top
par
o
top
par
o
top
par
o
top
par
o
top
par
o
top
par
top
par
o
top
par
o
top
par
o
top
par
o
top
par
o
top
par
o
top
par
o
top
355.4
298.15
184.7
284.0
298.15
137.0
268.7
298.15
164.3
281.2
298.15
147.4
300.2
240.9
285.7
298.15
182.4
299.9
298.15
87.8
352.8
298.15
186.5
351.7
298.15
150.1
272.7
134.8
261.3
298.15
113.6
307.7
298.15
156.9
390.9
298.15
183.9
381.1
298.15
165.2
372.7
298.15
158.5
313.3
167.5
303.1
298.15
107.9
322.4
298.15
179.3
309.2
298.15
143.4
353.3
298.15
278.7
353.9
298.15
279.7
341.9
298.15
177.8
362.8
298.15
150.0
39.85
45.48
T = (298.15 K lub Tf (c,s,α,
β))
d /g⋅cm-3
α⋅105
κ⋅105
( b)
/K-1
/bar-1
0.78126
106
9.9
24.27
23.68
6.961
22.47
21.47
7.985
24.98
23.79
26.65
24.19
23.92
21.92
20.88
3.848
31.21
34.92
8.439
30.39
33.63
0.7997
0.8809
127
12.1
0.7076
161
18.9
0.8060
93.2
9.30
22.39
4.660
21.30
19.99
5.541
26.69
27.37
7.301
43.10
52.42
9.372
41.82
50.89
*0.734 c
*0.830 s
0.7978
94
9.9
40.75
49.81
0.8026
116
10.7
25.20
29.82
0.63533
27.30
28.72
0.6088
25.77
26.75
8.393
30.76
33.92
9.866
29.96
33.12
2.677
28.85
31.73
13.08
31.29
35.79
0.7405
135
13.6
0.6214
*0.757 c
*0.914 s
0.8737
*0.879 c
*0.891 s
0.7739
*0.7908 c
*0.8316 s
0.6548
*0.7585 c
*0.847 s
0.7419
160
23.9
116
9.42
121.5
11.1
139
17.2
132
14.4
15
T. Hofman, © Tablice termodynamiczne, 2010
Tk
Vk
/K
(3)
pk
/bar
591.7
41.1
/cm3⋅
mol-1
316
589
37.2
ω
Stałe r-nia Antoine'a
A
B
C
0.257
16.014
3096.5
53.67
390
0.336
15.782
3066.1
56.8
przemiany fazowe
(p = 1 atm)
Tp /K
∆Hp
a
/kJ⋅mol-1
C7H8
toluen
par
o
top
par
top
par
o
top
par
o
top
par
o
top
par
o
top
par
top
par
o
top
par
o
top
par
o
top
par
top
383.8
298.15
178
391.9
265
371.6
298.15
182.6
398.8
298.15
216.4
415.4
298.15
178.0
423.9
298.15
219.4
491.1
353.5
447.3
298.15
243.5
489.4
298.15
263.6
528.9
298.15
230.2
560
291.3
33.18
38.06
6.636
33.05
C7H14
cykloheptan
C7H16
n-heptan
540.2
27.4
432
0.351
15.874
2911.3
56.51
C8H18
n-oktan
568.8
24.8
492
0.394
15.943
3120.3
63.63
C8H18O
dibutyl eter
580
25.3
500
15.649
2987.1
82.1
C9H20
n-nonan
594.6
22.9
548
0.444
15.975
3293.8
71.34
C10H8
naftalen
748.4
40.5
410
0.302
16.143
3992.0
71.29
C10H22
n-dekan
617.6
21.1
603
0.490
16.011
3456.8
78.67
C12H26
n-dodekan
658.3
18.0
713
0.562
16.079
3747.9
92.63
C12H26O
diheksyl eter
657
18.2
720
0.70
16.337
3982.8
89.15
C16H34
n-heksadekan
717
14.4
950
0.742
16.199
4225.8
118.2
C18H38
n-oktadekan
745
12.1
1100
0.755
16.123
4361.8
129.9
par
top
pol
589.5
301.32
299.95
54.5
46.17
19.85
C20H42
n-eikozan
767
11
1200
0.907
16.469
4680.5
141.1
par
top
pol
617
309.75
305.15
57.5
46.17
18.4
c
c
T = (298.15 K lub Tf (c,s,α,
β))
d /g⋅cm-3
α⋅105
κ⋅105
( b)
/K-1
/bar-1
0.8623
109
9.14
0.8069
107
9.23
31.77
36.66
14.04
34.41
41.53
20.74
36.22
45.00
0.6795
*0.7749 c
*0.864 s
0.6985
*0.7632 c
*0.875 s
0.7641
116
13.0
116
12.6
114
12.2
37.00
46.43
21.75
43.26
17.87
38.75
51.39
28.72
43.74
61.51
35.91
45.6
64.10
0.7138
*0.7752 c
*0.886 s
108
11.7
0.7263
*0.7668 c
*0.896 s
0.7452
104
11.4
96.0
9.88
0.7894
96.8
9.75
51.2
51.91
0.7699
*0.7749 c
*0.902 s
*0.7768 c
*0.863 s
*0.866 α
*0.905 β
*0.7768 c
*0.856 s
*0.867 α
*0.905 β
88.3
8.62
a
Symbol „o” oznacza proces parowania w warunkach standardowych. b Gęstości poprzedzone znakiem „*” odnoszą się do normalnej temperatury
przejścia fazowego; po prawej stronie wartości umieszczony jest symbol identyfikujący fazę. c Dotyczy przejścia β →α; β jest fazą
niskotemperaturową
16
T. Hofman, © Tablice termodynamiczne, 2010
6. Użyteczne wzory
1. Równania stanu
van der Waals
p=
RT
a
− 2;
Vm − b Vm
p=
nR T
n2a
− 2
V − nb V
RTk
27R 2Tk2
; a=
= 27b 2 pk
8 pk
64 pk
RT
a
p=
− 1/ 2
Vm − b T Vm (Vm + b)
b=
Redlich-Kwong
a=
Soave-Redlich-Kwong
0,4278R 2Tk2,5
0,0867RTk 3
/ N ⋅ m 4 ⋅ K 1/ 2 ⋅ mol − 2 ; b =
/m ⋅ mol −1
pk
pk
RT
aα (T )
p=
−
Vm − b Vm (Vm + b)
a=
0,42747R 2Tk2
0,08664RTk 3
/ N ⋅ m 4 ⋅ mol − 2 ; b =
/m ⋅ mol −1
pk
pk
α (T ) = [1 + m(1 − Tr1/ 2 )]
2
m = 0,480 + 1,574ω + 0,176ω 2
równanie wirialne obcięte do
drugiego współczynnika
(p
(…)
…), CRC Press/Taylor and
Francis, Boca Raton, FL.
18
T. Hofman, © Tablice termodynamiczne, 2010
8. Tablice Bridgmana
T
1
V
( ∂V / ∂T) p
−( ∂V / ∂p) T
S
cp / T
( ∂V / ∂T) p
U
c p − p( ∂V / ∂T) p
( ∂X) Y = −( ∂Y) X
cp
( ∂V / ∂p) T + ( ∂V / ∂T) 2p
T
T( ∂V / ∂T) p + p( ∂V / ∂p) T c p ( ∂V / ∂p) T + T( ∂V / ∂T) 2
p
p
2
c p ( ∂V / ∂p) T + T( ∂V / ∂T) p
T
[
[
c p ( ∂V / ∂p) T + T( ∂V / ∂T) p
2
H
G
cp
−S
− V + T…
… = 1,01325⋅105 N/m2 = 1,01325 bar = 760 mm Hg
R = 8,314 J/mol⋅K
1 cal = 4,184 J
7. Literatura
[1] P.J. Linstrom and W.G. Mallard, Eds., NIST Chemistry WebBook, NIST Standard Reference Database
Number 69, June 2005, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg MD, 20899
(http://webbook.nist.gov). (02.2008).
[2] XuMuK.ru - сайт о химии для химиков, (http://www.xumuk.ru/tdsv/*.html) (02.2008).
[3] Anonim.
[4] J. Demichowicz-Pigoniowa, Obliczenia fizykochemiczne, PWN, Warszawa, 1984.
[5] J.A.A. Ketelaar, Budowa związków chemicznych, PWN, Warszawa, 1965.
[6] C.D. Hodgman, R.C. Weast, S.M. Selby, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, Chem.Rubber Co, Cleveland
1956.
[7] Poradnik fizykochemiczny, WNT, Warszawa 1974.
[8] R.C. Reid, J.M. Prausnitz, T.S. Sherwood, The Properties of Gases and Liquids…
….
[12] V. Majer, V. Svoboda, Enthalpies of Vaporization of Organic Compounds, Blackwell Scientific Publ.,
Oxford 1984.
[13] Z. Štěrbáček, B. Biskup, P. Tausk, Calculation of properties using corresponding-state methods, Elsevier,
Amsterdam, 1979.
[14] G. Tardajos, E. Aicart, M. Costas, D. Patterson, J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 1, 1986, 82, 2977.
[15] A.D. Matilla, G. Tardajos, E. Junquera, E. Aicart…
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