Lexical and Historical Semantics-overview-opracowanie

Lexical Semantics vs. Historical Semantics
Linguistic Structuralism
Meaning may be investigated from a historical perspective: two disciplines dealt with this problem:
historical semantics (lexicology) - the evolution of meaning, the typology of meaning changes, the causes of semantic changes,
etymology - it reflects the interpretation bias for the earliest meaning as the truest meaning of the word:
e.g. lord/lady are etymologically related to loaf of bread (i.e., lord: from Old English half (loaf) + ord (keeper): one having power and authority over others; a ruler by hereditary right)
- lady: from OE half (half = `loaf') + dige: a woman having property rights or authority as a feudal superior; a woman receiving the homage or devolition of a knight or lover).
Historical semantics
- `Semantics' was first used to refer to the development or change of meaning, the attempt to classify semantic changes and to establish the causes (internal and external) of semantic changes.
- A representative work in this line is Stern's `Meaning and Change of Meaning' (1931)
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