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Teaching Vocabulary
Teaching Vocabulary:
words we teach in the foreign language
may be more than a single word or multi-word idioms ( the previous express a single idea)
one item has more than one meaning( often) - the importance of meaning in the context
Conceptual Meaning:
polysemy - meanings are related “head of a pin”, “head of organisms”
homonymy - meanings are not related but have the same form
Sense Relations:
synonymy
antonymy
hyponymy - cat, dog, goat are hyponyms of “animals”, animal is superordinate
Affective Meaning:
connotation - reflects speaker's attitude and emotions
intrinsic connotation - naïve - negative connotation
speaker's attitude - the same item used in different context
socio-cultural associations
Style - level of formality ( slang, colloquial, formal, frozen)
Register - variety of language defined by the topic e.g. language of medicine
Dialect - differences in geographical variations and according to social class a speaker belongs to
Word difficulties:
pronunciation
spelling
length, complexity
grammar
meaning
range, connotation, idiomaticity
Criteria of selection:
frequency
students' needs ( curiosity)
expediency ( language usefulness and necessary for particular purposes)
students' language - be aware of false friends
world building teach -teacher
topic areas - association is better
cross reference ( teaching words connected with one thing, teacher can present words in relation to the thing
related structures - many structures demand their own vocabulary “have got” demands vocabulary of personal possessions
Active vocabulary (productive) - it can be used appropriately by learners in speech and writing, students understand and use the vocabulary.
Passive vocabulary (receptive) - they can only be recognised and used in context.
Visual techniques:
using flashcards
using photographs and pictures
using blackboard drawings
using word pictures
using realia
labelling pictures/objects
using mime and gesture
performing actions
Types of dictionaries:
bilingual
monolingual
pictorial
thesauri
Revising vocabulary:
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