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LITERATURA USA 23.05.2011
WYKŁAD
Major poets:
Ezra Pound, T.S. Eliot, Amy Lowell, H.D. (Hilda Doolittle), William Carlos Williams, E.E. Cummings (1894-1962) Edward Estlin (played around with form, punctuation, spelling, type style, grammar, imagery, rhythm, syntax)
Modernism & Imagism
Modernism in America began with the publication of Thomas Stearns Eliot's poem “Portrait of a Lady” in 1911 and proceeded with the publication of the anthology titled “Des Imagistes” (1914), a collection of poems by British and American writers and edited by Ezra Pound.
Ezra Pound advocated the new school of poetry known as Imagism.
!!!Imagism - inspired by Japanese Haiku; showed connections with impressionism (light, colour, feelings, mood) and opposed sentimentality (sadness, sympathy, love-unsuirable and obvious) Ezra Pound
Imagist movement
emphases on extreme concision
emphases on certain neutrality of description
precision
restraint
Imagism
!!! “Image is sth that presents an intellectual and emotional complex in an instant of time” - Ezra Pound.
poet focuses on strong, concrete images
a poet concentrates on an image and is to objectively present an intellectual and emotional reaction caused by a simple object, experience or phenomenon without referring to abstraction or clichés
objective correlative - expressing emotion through “a set of objects, a situation, a chain of events” T.S. Eliot. In the “love Song of J.Alfred Prufrock “ by T.S. Eliot
Prufrock thinks himself that he has measured his life in coffee spoons. Using coffee spoons to reflect humdrum existence and wasted lifetime
Ezra Pound
E. Pound's “In a Station of the Metro” (1913) with the title serving as the poem's first line
William Carlos Williams (1883 - 1963)
he was a doctor writing short stories, poems
“The Red Wheelbarrow” (1923)
Yet Imagism from the outset never quite held to this model of concision and descriptive neutrality. John Gould Fletcher is a clear example of Imagism's less violently recognized, loosely descriptive, and impressionistic mode.
Amy Lowell (1874 - 1925)
“Peace” - anti-war poem ?
the beginnings of formulating the principles of imagism may be traced to Nov 1908, when E. Pound outlined them in a letter to W.C. Williams
(…)
… published by Hilda Doolittle under the pseudonym H.D. Imagiste
two months later, again in “Poetry”, F.S. Flint wrote “Imagisme” ?, known as the “Imagist Manifesto”. It defined the new movement and elaborated the rules:
1. “direct treatment of the “thing” whether subjective or objective
2. to use absolutely no word that doesn't contribute to the presentation
3. as regarding rhythm: to compose in the…
… to publish a yearly imagist anthology, to be brought out by a major U.S. publishing house with each poet receiving an equal allotment of poems and sharing editorial responsibilities. Pound agreed that such a project would dilute the concept of imagism, conflating in with any poem written in vers libre. Having nominally acceded to Pound's wishes by dropping the final e in imagiste, Lowell went on edit three…
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