The for statement • The for statement is a loop - a generalization of the while loop • Within the parentheses, there are three parts, separated by semicolons: (1) initialization (2) condition (3) increment step • Example: for(i=0;i...
Third generation languages • Also called high level languages, 3GL • Designed to be easier for a human to write and understand • Usually portable • Problem: the CPU does not understand that languages • Solution: translators ...
Unformatted input and output • How to read and write sequences of bytes... - getc , putc - fread , fwrite • fread and fwrite use a previously defined buffer for reading / writing data • Usually used for b inary files ...
Consequences at a boundary The absence of a surface current thus reduces the boundary conditions to Et2 − Et1 = 0 (6.9) Dn2 − Dn1 = ρs (6.10) ˆn × (Ht2 −Ht1) = 0 (6.11) Bn2 − Bn1 = 0. (6.12) These are not much changed from equations 6.1 to 6.4. ...
Point of view The point of view we adopt regards matter as atomic, with internal charges and electric and magnetic dipoles capable of acting as sources of electromagnetic field, and also of being influenced by the total field set up. ...
Quarter wave lines For lossless transmission lines of length equal to a quarter of a wave length the operating frequency, the relation between load and input admittances is YI = Y 2 0 YL . ...
Reasons for matching Matching of the transmission line at both ends makes power transfer between the source and the load take place at minimum loss, and also makes the system behaviour become independent of the line length. ...
Transients on Lossless Lines We now begin our study of what happens when signals are first applied to a line or when the connections of impedances to a line are suddenly changed. This topic is known as the study of transients on lossless lines ...
Demodulacja sygnału AM DSB WC Demodulacja to proces odwrotny do modulacji. Demodulacja ma na celu wyodrębnienie z sygnału zmodulowanego części niosącej informację. Istnieje wiele metod umożliwiających realizację tego zadania. Wśrod nich są m.in.: detektor obwiedni oraz detektor koherentny (ilocz...
Filtr Butterwortha Charakterystyka amplitudowa filtru Butterwortha jest maksymalnie płaska w paśmie przepuszczania i malsymalnie płaska w paśmie zaporowym. Dla częstotliwości | ω | 0 charakterystyka ta jest monotonicznie malejąca. Pr...
