Native American Literature Oral tradition
History, its origins present in oral tradition. People didn't know writing, distributed
One of the most important elements - how to translate oral tradition to writing
Motif - words change reality
Creation from the Bible - Bóg powiedział I stało się So different, the content from legends, myths, stories, chants
Different western culture (fairy tales) - one of the most important function is to entertain, do didactic
Native American literature - the entertaining aspect is important, pass knowledge to stories
Cultural knowledge to pass you here
Stories as vehicles of cultural
Origin stories - analogies to the bible, show you different patriots of emergence, timeless
Historical narratives - description of narrative heroes, historical events important heroes for particular przywódcy; Believed in time as a circle - historical events were presented by events stored by nature; Changing seasons of the year
Geographical description
Description of customs/traditions - certain rituals, describes certain rituals and explains its purpose.
Trickster stories - teachers of culture, to define is very difficult. Function of trickster stories: the idea of transgression, you break social convensions, reaking rules what should and should not be doneDifficult to say if creatures are good or bad (animals being sometimes both); different regions have different tricksters:
Coyote - womanizer - picks up ladies, never serious, uses irony
Raven or Mink
Blujay
Rabbit
Spider
N. Scott Momaday (born February 27, 1934) is a Kiowa-Cherokee writer from Oklahoma, New Mexico, and Arizona. He is the son of the writer Natachee Scott Momaday and the painter Al Momaday, and was born on February 27, 1934 at the Kiowa-Comanche Indian Hospital in Lawton, Oklahoma, United States. He is enrolled in the Kiowa Tribe of Oklahoma but also has Cherokee heritage from his mother.
Native American renaissance; a writer renewal of oral tradition into western literary point of view
1968 - House Made of Dawn - zamieszanie, po raz pierwszy krytycy zauważyli ją i docenili; przesłanie, otworzył drogę, dem and for this tkind of work
His Whiting is about Indian and non-Indian experience
Oral tradition was introduced - Rainy Mountain in Oklahoma
Part India, part white; he chooses Indian part identity and imagines himself to be Indian Identity can be imagined
Mixed origin seen as an advantage, plural and mobile identity
House Made of Dawn (1968)
In 1969 Momaday won the Pulitzer for
(…)
… pass on the stories his Kiowa fathers told him as a child—a task to which he had felt bound since birth.
widely credited as leading the way for the breakthrough of Native American literature into the mainstream. It was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 1969, and has also been noted for its significance in Native American Anthropology
Striking, after war experience cannot relocate, feels alien…
… MFA from the University of Oregon, Allen gained her PhD at the University of New Mexico, where she taught and where she began her research into various tribal religions.
The Sacred Hoop: Recovering the Feminine in American Indian Traditions is a distinguished scholarly exposition of American Indian traditions with an emphasis upon women-centered tribal life. In Native American tradition, the Sacred Hoop, or Medicine Wheel, is the all-encompassing circle of universal life. The Spider Woman is the central figure who thought the universe into being and who continues to weave her web of existence. The first section, “The Ways of Our Grandmothers,” deals with her many aspects in tribal myth, tradition, and ritual. The genocidal impact through the centuries of patriarchal colonization upon the…
… community
Storyteller
Zbiór opowiadań, wierszy, zdjęć, refleksji
Transgression
Yellow woman, sexual wyzwolona kobieta
Authorship - autorami sjest cała społeczność, imaginative sreation
Takes by her white father; an outsider and outsider
The importance of
Language
Storyteller
1 - young girl - storyteller, she's in jail when story begins
2 - grandfather - he tells a story about hunting a bear, chasing a bear…
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