History of European integration

History of European integration
V. 1948 - the Hague - European Congress - Council of Europe has been established (1949 - London - 10 member states signed organizations' statute);
1948-51 - European Recovery Plan; 13,5 bln USD for reconstruction of European countries' economies; governing and distribution body - Organization for European Economic Cooperation; 18. IV. 1951 - Paris Treaty; European Coal and Steel Community (Belgium, France, Germany, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Italy);
1957 - treaties of Rome - European Economic Community, European Atomic Energy Community; 1965/1966 - Luxembourg crises and compromise - limits for use of qualified majority voting, bringing back unanimity voting; 1965 - Merger treaty - combines institutions into a single set;
1970 - Budget treaty - introducing Communities' own resources, some budgetary powers for EP; 1972 - Act of Accession - Denmark, Ireland and UK from 1973; 1975 - Budget treaty - more powers to EP, creating new Court of Auditors; 1978 - treaty revision - direct election to EP starting from 1979; 1980 - Act of Accession - Greece (1981); 1985 - Act of Accession - Portugal, Spain (1986); 1986 - Single European Act - more OMV in Council, new powers for EP, Court of First Instance was created, new policies; 1992 - Treaty on the EU - three-pillar structure of the EU; common foreign and security policy, justice and home affairs, more QMV, European Council instutionalization process, Committee of Regions, new policies, introducing subsidiarity and citizenship, social protocol (UK opt-out);
1994 - Act of Accession - Sweden, Austria, Finland; 1997 - treaty of Amsterdam - more legislative powers to EP; introduces "flexibility procedure"; introduces Schengen, justice and home affairs without policies concerning immigration, asylum and free movement of persons, which were moved to first pillar; 2001 - treaty of Nice - preparing the EU institutions and decision-making structure for future enlargement; 2003 - Act of Accession - Cyprus, Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia (2004); 2004 - Constitutional Treaty; 2005 - Act of Accession - Bulgaria and Romania (2007); 2007 - Treaty of Lisbon - entered into force in Dec. 2009;
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