Leki przeciwnowotworowe - wykład - The truth about antibiotics

ARTICLE IN PRESS
International Journal of Medical Microbiology 296 (2006) 163–170
www.elsevier.de/ijmm
REVIEW
The truth about antibiotics
Grace Yim, Helena Huimi Wang, Julian DaviesÃ
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Life Sciences Institute, 2350 Health Sciences Mall Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3 Canada
Abstract
Microbes produce millions of organic compounds of low molecular weight – a world of very diverse chemical and
biological ecology. We propose that, at the low concentrations likely to be found in the environment, the majority of
these compounds play important roles in the modulation of metabolic function in natural microbial communities. The
biological diversity is reflected by distinct target responses affecting a variety of transcription regulatory networks by
different mechanisms. This provides the basis of chemical signalling processes in the microbial world and may well
extend into many prokaryote–eukaryote interactions.
r 2006 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Antibiotics; Bacterial communities; Hormesis; Transcription modulation
Contents
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Antibiotic discovery . . . . . . . .
Antibiotic activities. . . . . . . . .
Antibiotics affect transcription.
Hormesis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Function or noise? . . . . . . . . .
Conclusions and consequences.
Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . .
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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‘‘The existence of microbes that have the capacity to
produce antibiotics in artificial culture cannot be
interpreted as signifying that such phenomena are
important in controlling microbial populations in nature.
y Unless one accepts the argument that laboratory
environments are natural, one is forced to conclude that
antibiotics play no part in modifying or influencing living
processes that normally occur in nature.’’
Selman Waksman (1961)
ÃCorresponding author. Tel.: +1 604 827 3978;
fax: +1 604 822 6041.
E-mail address: jed@interchange.ubc.ca (J. Davies).
1438-4221/$ - see front matter r 2006 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.
doi:10.1016/j.ijmm.2006.01.039
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. ... zobacz całą notatkę