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Type conversions - overview

  • Politechnika Śląska
  • Fundamentals of Computer Programming
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Type conversions • Problem: different types of operands • Solution: conversion to a common type according to a small number of rules. double x, y; int k; y = x + k; • The only automatic conversions are those that convert a ''smaller'' operand into...

Ungetc - overview

  • Politechnika Śląska
  • Fundamentals of Computer Programming
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Ungetc Pushes a character back i nto input stream int ungetc(int c, FILE *stream); • Pushes the character c back (!) to the input stream, which must be open for reading • This character will be returned on the next call to getc or fread for that stream • One character can be pushed back • A second ...

Unions - overview

  • Politechnika Śląska
  • Fundamentals of Computer Programming
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Unions • A union - holds objects of different types and sizes(at different times) • May be used to save memory • The compiler takes care about alignment of objects in memory • Syntax: similar to structures union u_tag { int ival; float fval; char *...

Additional remarks - wykład

  • Politechnika Śląska
  • Fields lines and guides
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Additional remarks Some addtional remarks about single stub matching are set out below. • We note that the procedure described above yields two separate solutions, of which we have only developed one, for the matching problem. There is no simple rule for preferring one solution to the other. • ...

Admittance Formulation - wykład

  • Politechnika Śląska
  • Fields lines and guides
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Admittance Formulation While some circuit theory problems are easily solved in terms of impedances, others are easily solved in terms of admittances. This difference comes about because the rules for combining impedances in series are simple, but for combining impedances in parallel are complica...

Analysis in the Frequency Domain - opracowanie

  • Politechnika Śląska
  • Fields lines and guides
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Analysis in the Frequency Domain At the end of we noted that the general equations which describe waves on transmission lines can be usefully solved in two particular contexts, one being transmission lines containing neither of the energy loss producing elements R or G, and the other being trans...

Application to coaxial cables - wykład

  • Politechnika Śląska
  • Fields lines and guides
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Application to coaxial cabl es Show as an exercise that for the coaxial cable of dimensions shown in Figure 2.26 the inductance per unit length and capacitance per unit length are given by L = μ0 2π loge à b a ! (2.91) C = 2π² loge ³ b a ´. (2.92) Students who cannot produce for t...

Applications of the Smith Chart - wykład

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  • Fields lines and guides
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Applications of the Smith Chart We have so far developed the Smith Chart as a graphical expression of the voltage reflection factor Γv with impedance contours placed upon it, but the similarity between the relations between the voltage reflection factor and the normalised impedance and between t...

Assumptions - wykład

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  • Fields lines and guides
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Assumptions In our analysis we make a number of assumptions. The first of these is that the length of the line runs along a z axis and that the line characteristics are uniform with respect to the z axis. This second assumption is made to enable...

Boundary Characterisation - wykład

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  • Fields lines and guides
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Boundary Characterisation We will for simplicity consider plane boundaries, and will regard any smoothly curved boundary as approximately plane at an appropriate scale of viewing. Such a plane boundary is shown in Figure 6.1 and is assumed to lie between region 1, in which the medium is characte...